1.
隋朝 a dynasty that reunited China after years of war
2.
唐朝 a golden age dynasty known for art and trade
3.
宋朝 dynasty known for inventions and paper money
4.
皇帝 the ruler of an empire
5.
朝代 a family that rules for many generations
6.
大運河 a man-made waterway connecting north and south China
7.
官僚制度 system of government officials and departments
8.
絲綢之路 ancient trade route linking China to the West
9.
佛教 religion that spread to China from India
10.
瓷器 fine pottery invented and perfected in China
11.
書法 artistic writing with brush and ink
12.
發明 a new creation or idea that changes life
13.
紙幣 first used by the Song dynasty for trade
14.
科舉制度 exams for government jobs in imperial China
15.
火藥 used in fireworks and early weapons
16.
指南針 tool for direction invented in China
17.
農業 farming and growing crops for food
18.
改革 changes made to improve government or society
19.
擴張 growth of land or power of a country
20.
文化 beliefs, art, and traditions of a people
21.
蒙古帝國 empire built by Genghis Khan across Asia
22.
成吉思汗 leader who united Mongol tribes and conquered vast lands
23.
遊牧民族 people who move from place to place with animals
24.
草原 wide grassy plains of Central Asia
25.
部落 group of families with common ancestors
26.
征服 taking control of lands by force
27.
騎馬 riding horses used for war and travel
28.
蒙古包 round tent used by Mongol nomads
29.
騎兵 soldiers who fight on horseback
30.
戰術 clever plans for fighting or winning
31.
聯盟 agreement between groups for support
32.
哈剌和林 capital city of the Mongol Empire
33.
貿易路線 path used for exchanging goods and ideas
34.
蒙古和平 period of peace and trade under Mongol rule
35.
郵驛制度 postal relay system for fast communication
36.
宗教寬容 freedom to follow any religion
37.
朝貢 gifts or money paid to show loyalty or respect
38.
馬可波羅 traveler from Europe who wrote about China
39.
忽必烈 grandson of Genghis Khan, founder of Yuan dynasty
40.
元朝 Mongol dynasty that ruled China
