1.
The process of gas exchange between the external environment and the blood.
2.
The exchange of gases between the blood and cells within the body.
3.
The process of moving air into and out of the lungs consisting of inspiration and expiration.
4.
Based on Boyles Law which describes how changes in the volume of the thoracic cavity affect the pressure and flow of air during breathing.
5.
The pressure within the alveoli of the lungs which changes during inhalation and exhalation and equalizes with atmospheric pressure.
6.
The pressure within the pleural cavity which is normally lower than atmospheric pressure preventing lung collapse.
7.
The amount of air moved in and out of the lungs during a normal respiratory cycle typically about 500 ml.
8.
A measure of the lung ability to expand and stretch during ventilation with high compliance indicating elastic lungs and low compliance indicating stiff lungs.
9.
The diffusion of oxygen from the alveoli into the blood and the diffusion of carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveoli.
10.
A graphical representation showing the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen and the saturation of hemoglobin.
11.
CO2 is primarily transported in the form of this with a small amount bound to hemoglobin or dissolved in plasma.
12.
A condition where breathing rate and depth increase leading to excessive expulsion of CO2 which raises blood pH.
13.
A condition where the breathing rate or depth decreases causing retention of CO2 which lowers blood pH.
14.
Chemoreceptors in the body monitor levels of CO2 O2 and pH and adjust respiration accordingly to maintain homeostasis.
15.
The process of inhaling air into the lungs by expanding the thoracic cavity decreasing pressure and allowing air to flow in.
16.
The process of exhaling air from the lungs as the thoracic cavity contracts increasing pressure and pushing air out.
17.
A principle that states the pressure of a gas is inversely related to its volume.
18.
A condition characterized by insufficient oxygen supply to tissues leading to impaired cellular function.
19.
The complete absence of oxygen in tissues leading to severe cellular damage or death.
20.
The space between the parietal and visceral pleura that surrounds each lung filled with pleural fluid to reduce friction during breathing.
21.
The ability of the lungs to stretch and expand high compliance means the lungs are more elastic while low compliance indicates stiffness.
22.
The presence of air in the pleural cavity leading to lung collapse due to loss of pressure balance.
23.
The accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity which can also cause lung collapse and interfere with respiration.
24.
The partial or complete collapse of a lung or a section of a lung often due to pneumothorax or obstruction.
25.
Increased depth and rate of breathing usually in response to high oxygen demands such as during exercise.
26.
The number of breaths taken per minute a key measure of lung function and oxygen demand.
