1.
The three legal orders of French society before the Revolution.
2.
The First Estate, made up of priests, bishops, and other Church officials, who owned large amounts of land but paid very little in taxes.
3.
The Second Estate, whose members inherited their titles and enjoyed privileges like exemption from most taxes.
4.
The Third Estate, which included everyone else, from poor peasants to wealthy merchants, and paid most of the taxes.
5.
The middle class of merchants, lawyers, and officials who led much of the early Revolution.
6.
Lists of complaints written by communities and estates in 1789 and sent to the king.
7.
The royal palace outside Paris where the king held court and where a crowd of women marched in October 1789 to bring the royal family back to Paris.
8.
A fortress-prison stormed by a Paris crowd on July 14, 1789, a date France still celebrates as its national day.
9.
Working-class Parisian radicals who wore long trousers instead of the knee-length breeches of the wealthy.
10.
The blue, white, and red flag that combined the colors of Paris with the white of the monarchy.
11.
A noble or other opponent of the Revolution who fled the country, sometimes to join foreign armies.
12.
A radical political club that took its nickname from the Paris convent where it met.
13.
The elected assembly that abolished the monarchy and declared France a republic in 1792.
14.
A beheading machine promoted by a physician who hoped it would make executions faster, less painful, and equal for all classes.
15.
The Austrian-born queen, nicknamed "Madame Deficit" by her critics, who was guillotined in October 1793.
16.
A booming-voiced orator and early leader of the Revolution who was guillotined in 1794 after Robespierre turned against him.
17.
A lawyer nicknamed "the Incorruptible," who led the Committee of Public Safety.
18.
The period from 1793 to 1794 when the government used mass arrests and executions to defend the Revolution from its enemies.
19.
The five-man executive that governed France after the Terror, from 1795 to 1799, until it was overthrown by a coup.
20.
An artillery officer who seized power in a coup in 1799 and crowned himself emperor in 1804.
