1.
Tall, slender flowers that establish height and line of the design.
2.
Flowers with distinctive shapes used to create focal areas.
3.
Round, full flowers that add weight and visual mass.
4.
Flowers creating structure and outline of the design.
5.
Small, delicate flowers used to fill empty spaces.
6.
Material added to complete the arrangement and add texture.
7.
Greenery used to provide background, depth, and balance.
8.
Elements: Materials used to create visual pathways and movement.
9.
Colors: Red, yellow, and blue—the foundation colors.
10.
Colors: Orange, green, and violet—made by mixing two primaries.
11.
Colors: Colors made by mixing a primary with a neighboring secondary.
12.
Visual perception based on light reflection.
13.
Brightness or dullness of a color.
14.
Color mixed with gray.
15.
Color mixed with black.
16.
Lightness or darkness of a color.
17.
Color mixed with white.
18.
Wiring technique where wire is inserted through the stem.
19.
Wiring method where wire is hooked through the flower’s calyx.
20.
Wiring technique using a U‑shaped wire through petals or foliage.
