1.
Basic nerve cell that transmits electrical and chemical signals.
2.
Branch-like extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.
3.
Long fiber of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body.
4.
Tiny gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released to transmit signals.
5.
Fatty insulating sheath around some axons that speeds neural conduction.
6.
Non-neuronal brain cells that support, nourish, and protect neurons (e.g., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes).
7.
— A neurotransmitter involved in muscle activation, attention, and memory.
8.
A neurotransmitter linked to reward, motivation, and movement control.
9.
The brain’s main inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability.
10.
Limbic system structure important for emotion processing, especially fear and threat detection.
11.
Brain structure essential for forming new explicit memories and spatial navigation.
12.
Small brain region that regulates bodily drives and homeostasis (hunger, thirst, temperature, hormones).
13.
Structure at the back of the brain that coordinates movement, balance, and motor learning.
14.
callosum Large bundle of nerve fibers connecting left and right cerebral hemispheres for interhemispheric communication.
