1.
The inclusion of authentic, original footage that captured a past event in the real world (e.g. recordings of police interrogations)
2.
Inserting written textual information over footage to provide the viewer with additional information (e.g. subtitles over interview, written statistics appearing on the screen)
3.
Filming a person as they answer questions about the subject matter, often with the interviewee being an expert on the topic, or someone who has anecdotal experience.
4.
The final result of the filmmaker selecting which footage to include in or exclude from the documentary, often done to control pace, emphasise certain ideas, and especially to manipulate the viewer to interpret the situation in the way intended by the fil
5.
The dramatic reenactments of real events, where actors reenact events that occurred in real life (e.g. dramatic reenactment of a medieval battle)
6.
Spoken commentary that is played over alternate footage (e.g. scenery of area), rather than the speaker (often the narrator, interviewer, or interviewee)
7.
Original footage of real events that have occurred
8.
Where the filmmaker decides which information to include or omit, often based on their relevance to the topic, or how they can be used to manipulate the viewer to hold a certain viewpoint on a topic
9.
Footage where the presence of the camera is unacknowledged by the people in the shot (e.g. two people having a real conversation)
