2.
a small structure inside a cell with a specific job
3.
the cell’s control center containing DNA
4.
the organelle that produces energy for the cell
5.
a group of similar cells working together
6.
a body part made of tissues that performs a function
7.
a group of organs working together
8.
the process plants use to make food using sunlight
9.
the process cells use to release energy from food
10.
an organism that makes its own food
11.
an organism that eats other organisms
12.
an organism that breaks down dead material
13.
a sequence showing who eats whom
14.
interconnected food chains in an ecosystem
15.
a diagram showing energy flow between organisms
16.
all living and nonliving things interacting in an area
17.
the natural home of an organism
18.
an organism’s role in its environment
19.
a group of the same species in an area
20.
all the populations living together in an area
21.
the variety of life in an ecosystem
22.
a trait that helps an organism survive
23.
the process where better‑adapted organisms survive and reproduce
24.
change in species over long periods of time
25.
a characteristic passed from parents to offspring
26.
the passing of traits from parents to offspring
27.
a segment of DNA that controls traits
28.
a structure that carries genetic information
29.
the molecule that holds genetic instructions
31.
differences among individuals in a species
32.
an organism that hunts others
33.
an organism that is hunted
34.
when organisms fight for the same resources
35.
a close relationship between two species
36.
a relationship where both organisms benefit
37.
a relationship where one benefits and the other is unaffected
38.
a relationship where one benefits and the other is harmed
39.
anything that has mass and takes up space
40.
the amount of matter in an object
41.
the amount of space an object takes up
43.
the smallest unit of an element
44.
a pure substance made of one type of atom
45.
two or more atoms bonded together
46.
a substance made of two or more elements
47.
matter with definite shape and volume
48.
matter with definite volume but no definite shape
49.
matter with no definite shape or volume
50.
charged gas found in stars and lightning
51.
a change in form but not identity
52.
a change that forms a new substance
53.
a starting substance in a chemical reaction
54.
a substance formed in a chemical reaction
55.
a process that changes substances into new ones
57.
a change in position over time
58.
a force that resists motion
59.
the force that pulls objects toward each other
60.
how fast something moves
61.
speed in a specific direction
62.
a change in speed or direction
63.
the ability to do work
67.
heat transfer by direct contact
68.
heat transfer by moving fluids
69.
heat transfer by waves
70.
a repeating disturbance that transfers energy
71.
how often a wave repeats
73.
the distance between wave peaks
74.
the flow of electric charge
75.
a path for electric current
76.
a material that allows electricity to flow
77.
a material that resists electric flow
78.
day‑to‑day atmospheric conditions
79.
long‑term weather patterns
80.
the layer of gases around Earth
81.
the movement of water through Earth’s systems
82.
liquid water turning into vapor
83.
vapor cooling into liquid
84.
water falling from clouds
85.
the movement of rock or soil
86.
the dropping of sediment in a new place
87.
the breaking down of rock
88.
the process that forms and changes rocks
89.
rock formed from layers of sediment
90.
rock formed from cooled magma or lava
91.
rock changed by heat and pressure
92.
the movement of Earth’s crustal plates
93.
a break in Earth’s crust
94.
shaking caused by plate movement
95.
an opening where lava and gases erupt
96.
preserved remains of past life
97.
Earth’s history measured in long time spans
98.
when a species no longer exists
99.
Earth spinning on its axis
100.
Earth orbiting the Sun
101.
the path one object takes around another
102.
the Sun and all objects orbiting it
103.
the changing appearance of the Moon
104.
a resource that can be replaced naturally
105.
a resource that forms too slowly to replace
106.
the movement of carbon through Earth’s systems
107.
heat trapped in Earth’s atmosphere
108.
a testable explanation or prediction
109.
a statement about what will happen
110.
anything that can change in an experiment
111.
the factor changed on purpose
112.
the factor measured or observed
113.
the group not changed for comparison
114.
a factor kept the same
115.
information collected in an investigation
116.
data that supports a claim
117.
using senses to gather information
118.
a conclusion based on evidence
119.
descriptive, non‑numerical data
121.
a representation of something complex
122.
a model that imitates a real process
123.
to examine data closely
124.
to explain the meaning of data
126.
a statement or answer
127.
the explanation linking evidence to a claim
128.
the final explanation based on results
129.
consistency of results
130.
how well an experiment measures what it should
131.
repeating an experiment to confirm results
132.
the plan for conducting an experiment
133.
the step‑by‑step process
134.
a general pattern in data
135.
a repeated or predictable arrangement
136.
a reference line on a graph
137.
the numbers used on a graph
138.
the spacing between numbers on a graph
139.
a graph using bars to compare data
140.
a graph showing change over time
141.
a graph showing relationships between variables
142.
a connection between two variables
143.
when one event directly causes another
144.
the sum divided by the number of values
145.
the numerical average
147.
the most frequent value
148.
the difference between highest and lowest values
149.
a value far from the others
150.
a chart organizing information
151.
a visual display of data
152.
a labeled drawing showing information
